Pediatric testicular tumors: 10 years of clinical approach at the Antiguo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56935/hij.v2i1.11Keywords:
Testicular tumor, Paratesticular, Tumor, Pediatric Patient, Tumor Markers , Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Treatment , Risk Facto, HistopathologyAbstract
Abstract. - Introduction: In recent decades, the prevalence of testicular cancer has increased. The prevalence of testicular cancer in children under 19 years of age worldwide represents the sixth position in terms of frequency. The estimated prevalence is 0.3-3.1, incidence 0.17-1.4 and mortality 0.02-0.1 per 100,000. Considering the increase in the prevalence of testicular cancer, we conducted this study with the intention of knowing the clinical characteristics, the diagnostic and therapeutic approach, as well as the incidence and mortality in our environment. Methods: A case series of pediatric patients attended from January 1, 2013 to January 1, 2023 at the Antiguo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde was carried out. Age, risk factors, clinical presentation, tumor markers (BHCG, AFP, LDH), imaging studies, therapeutic management, tumor size and histopathological study were reviewed. The data was collected by reviewing clinical records; these data were downloaded into the Office Excel program and transferred to SPSS version 25. Results: We analyzed the records of 11 pediatric patients who met the inclusion criteria, 4 patients had a testicular tumor and 7 patients had a paratesticular tumor, estimating an incidence of 0.15/100 000. The mean for age at diagnosis was 14 years with a deviation of 8 with respect to the mean, only 2 patients (18.18%) presented cryptorchidism as a risk factor, all patients presented increased testicular size at diagnosis, tumor markers were positive in 41.6% of the cases in which it was measured. Ultrasound was performed in all cases, the mean size of the masses was 3 cm, 1 patient presented benign histology, while 3 patients presented positivity to malignancy. Five orchiectomies were performed, one lumpectomy and five are still under follow-up and surveillance. Conclusion: testicular and paratesticular tumors are infrequent in pediatric age, nevertheless, understanding them is of great importance in order to make an early diagnosis and offer an individualized therapeutic approach, considering limiting radical orchiectomy to cases in which malignancy is suspected.
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Copyright (c) 2024 José Antonio Gutiérrez Ureña, Guillerno Yanowsky Reyes, Andrea Paola Ramos Mora, Zacnicté Corona, Carlos Guillermo Abascal Medina, Laura Olivia Montaño Ángeles, Julio Edgardo Flores Revilla and Jesús Antonio Aguilar Mata
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